Here you can see a cylindrical pressure vessel. If there is internal pressure, P, what is the magnitude of stresses in the walls? In order to find those stresses, we cut the cylinder in longitudinal and transverse directions, draw free body diagrams and write a force balance. Then we derive equations for longitudinal and transverse (Hoop) stresses. Which stress you think is greater? Longitudinal or hoop stresses?
Shear stress is the force parallel to the area per unit area. Shear failure of bolt due to shear stress is one of connection failure types. The shear stress on the bolt depends on the force, area of the bolt cross-section, and number of shearing areas. How many shearing areas do you see in these examples?
Bearing resistance is a type of failure in connections. It occurs on the plate around the bolt. The affected area is a half circle with non-uniform stress. For simplification, we work with the projected rectangular area, assuming a uniform stress distribution. How many of these areas do you see? Which plate fails earlier?
An axially loaded column.
Solving an axially loaded column for support reactions using force method.
Structural analysis tutorial focusing on application of the displacement method.
In this hyperstatic problem, we apply Castigliano's method to add 1 more equation and find support reactions.
Composite slabs are examples of beams application in civil engineering.
Simply supported beam.
Projecting the force on the principal axes of inertia.
A water container with tubular stiffeners. Here, we deal with a triangular uniform load caused by hydrostatic pressure.